{"id":298,"date":"2021-03-02T18:17:21","date_gmt":"2021-03-02T17:17:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/?page_id=298"},"modified":"2023-11-10T15:09:45","modified_gmt":"2023-11-10T14:09:45","slug":"reconstruction-dune","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/en\/je-decouvre\/reconstitution-dune\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>Training<\/strong> of the Dune"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A story<\/strong> 4000 years old<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">But how did the dune of Pilat come about?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The history and formation of the landscapes of the Grand Site\" width=\"580\" height=\"326\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/DM1rYSYfoDc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-uagb-columns uagb-columns__wrap uagb-columns__stack-mobile uagb-columns__valign- uagb-columns__gap-0 align uagb-block-da8504f2 uagb-columns__columns-2 uagb-columns__max_width-custom\"><div class=\"uagb-columns__overlay\"><\/div><div class=\"uagb-columns__inner-wrap uagb-columns__columns-2\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-column uagb-column__wrap uagb-column__background-undefined uagb-block-a151377a\"><div class=\"uagb-column__overlay\"><\/div>\n<p><strong>The accumulation of sand has occurred in a discontinuous manner over time, in 5 phases during the last 4000 years.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Periods characterized by cold, dry and windy weather caused sand to move and accumulate. They alternated with warmer and humid periods, favorable to the development of vegetation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-column uagb-column__wrap uagb-column__background-undefined uagb-block-a2a12b4c\"><div class=\"uagb-column__overlay\"><\/div>\n<p>The remains of vegetation are visible from the beach at the top of the dune, in the form of blackish lines running on the western side of the dune. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We are talking about <strong>paleosols<\/strong>. It is in fact organic matter (tree trunks, pine cones\u2026) fossilized, compressed by the sand. One can find archaeological remains there.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:58px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline is-animated\" data-animation=\"slideInBottom\" data-filling=\"true\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline__line\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline__bar has-background has-bordeaux-background-color\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item has-card-right\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__card\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__card-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__image-wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__image wp-image-1489\" src=\"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/IMG_4432-scaled-e1621406896136.jpg\" alt=\"-\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__content-wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:0px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__mobile-meta\"><p class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta-content\"><strong>Between -8000 and -4000 BC<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"tw-mt-2\" style=\"font-size:15px\"><em>-4000 years old fossilized pine cone<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"undefined uag-hide-desktop uag-hide-tab uag-hide-desktop uag-hide-tab\"><strong>Between -8000 and -4000 BC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Landes plateau extends to the current location of the dune of Pilat. This featureless and marshy area was then covered mainly with Scots pines, maritime pines, hazelnuts, birches, alders and oaks. The presence of these plant species testifies to a cold climate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Many strains and plant remains from this distant time are still visible, and constitute the <strong>paleosol 1<\/strong>, which outcrops particularly well on the Corniche beach side. It is based on <strong>alios<\/strong> (black and compact layer, resulting from the natural cementation of sand, iron oxide and organic matter).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__point\" data-point-color=\"#691D17\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__point-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta\"><p class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta-content\"><strong>Between -8000 and -4000 BC<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item has-card-left\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__card\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__card-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__image-wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1551\" class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__image wp-image-1492\" src=\"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/IMG_6384-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/IMG_6384-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/IMG_6384-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/IMG_6384-1024x621.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/IMG_6384-768x465.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/IMG_6384-1536x931.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/IMG_6384-2048x1241.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/IMG_6384-16x10.jpg 16w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/IMG_6384-1200x727.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/IMG_6384-1980x1200.jpg 1980w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__content-wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:0px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__mobile-meta\"><p class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta-content\"><strong><strong>Around -4000 BC<\/strong><\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"tw-mt-2\" style=\"font-size:15px;line-height:1.4\"><em>Deposit of diatom skeletons observable above paleosol 2<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"undefined uag-hide-desktop uag-hide-tab uag-hide-desktop uag-hide-tab\"><strong>Around -4000 BC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The climate becomes drier, the first coastal sands carried by the westerly winds cover the forest and form the first dunes. At the end of this period, <strong>between -2000 and -500 years<\/strong>, a new vegetation similar to the previous one, colonizes this territory, forming today the <strong>paleosol 2<\/strong> (located between 2 and 5m above the beach). At the foot of the dunes, a freshwater pond forms, traces of which appear today in the form of thin light gray streaks. These are diatom skeletons (micro-algae).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Archaeological sites (dating from 900 to 600 BC) testify to the presence of man from this time and the proximity of the coast. A salt mining site has even been found by archaeologists.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__point\" data-point-color=\"#691D17\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__point-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta\"><p class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta-content\"><strong><strong>Around -4000 BC<\/strong><\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item has-card-right\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__card\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__card-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__image-wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__image wp-image-1493\" src=\"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/IMG_6993-scaled-e1621407554191.jpg\" alt=\"-\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__content-wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:0px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__mobile-meta\"><p class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta-content\"><strong>Around -1000 BC<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"tw-mt-2\" style=\"font-size:15px;line-height:1.4\"><em>Accumulation of shells on paleosol 3 testifying to a significant consumption of molluscs by the inhabitants.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"undefined uag-hide-desktop uag-hide-tab uag-hide-desktop uag-hide-tab\"><strong>Around -1000 BC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The marsh disappears, buried under new dunes measuring between 20 and 40 m high. At the end of the Middle Ages, the climate softens and becomes more humid, the vegetation then develops again. This level corresponds to <strong>paleosol 3<\/strong>, dated from the 16th century. This soil only a few centimeters thick undulates halfway up the west face of the current Dune du Pilat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This paleosol is known as \u201ckitchen debris soil\u201d characterized by clumps of flat oyster shells, cockles, clams, clams, scallops and scallops. 16th-17th century coins and ceramics have also been found. These remains bear witness to a prolonged phase of stability.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__point\" data-point-color=\"#691D17\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__point-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta\"><p class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta-content\"><strong>Around -1000 BC<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item has-card-left\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__card\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__card-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__image-wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__image wp-image-1498\" src=\"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/gemmage.jpg\" alt=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/gemmage.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/gemmage-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/gemmage-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/gemmage-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__content-wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:0px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__mobile-meta\"><p class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta-content\"><strong>From 1500 AD<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"tw-mt-2\" style=\"font-size:15px;line-height:1.4\"><em>Fragments of resin pots testifying to the gemmaking activity in progress in the 19th century.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"undefined uag-hide-desktop uag-hide-tab uag-hide-desktop uag-hide-tab\"><strong>From 1500 AD<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The climate is changing. Strong winds will create a new series of dunes, say \u201c<strong>modern dunes<\/strong>\u201d. The latter bury the ancient dunes, but also villages and cultures, under 50 to 60m of sand. We call this new dune reaching 100m in height: the <strong>dune de la Grave<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To limit the advance of the coastal dunes, a maritime pine sowing campaign is being carried out throughout the Landes territory.<br>The men then fixed the dunes by sowing maritime pines in application of a consular decree of 1801. This work was supervised by <strong>Nicolas Bremontier<\/strong>, Engineer of Ponts et Chauss\u00e9es. The dune de la Grave was thus seeded during the 19th century.<br>The <strong>paleosol 4<\/strong>, the highest, dating from the beginning of the 19th century, corresponds to its surface. A cultivated pine forest extends there at this time. Many pots used to harvest resin were found there.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__point\" data-point-color=\"#691D17\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__point-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta\"><p class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta-content\"><strong>From 1500 AD<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item has-card-right\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__card\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__card-wrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__image-wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"904\" height=\"590\" class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__image wp-image-2864\" src=\"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/PHOTO-5.jpg\" alt=\"-\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/PHOTO-5.jpg 904w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/PHOTO-5-300x196.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/PHOTO-5-768x501.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/PHOTO-5-16x10.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 904px) 100vw, 904px\" \/><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__content-wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:0px\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__mobile-meta\"><p class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta-content\"><strong>Around 1860 AD<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"tw-mt-2\" style=\"font-size:15px;line-height:1.4\"><em>Remains of the 19th century attempt to fix the dune of Pilat<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"undefined uag-hide-desktop uag-hide-tab uag-hide-desktop uag-hide-tab\"><strong>Around 1860 AD<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"tw-mt-6\">Under the effect of marine erosion and the advance of the coastline towards the land, the vegetation covering the dune disappeared around 1860, and the dune of La Grave started to move again. A new dune buries the previous one: the <strong>dune of Pilat<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"tw-mt-6\">M. Clavel describes this phenomenon in an article dating from 1887: \u201cEast of Banc d&#039;Arguin, we are currently witnessing the formation of a new dune which engulfs 15m high pine forests under the sand\u201d .<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__point\" data-point-color=\"#691D17\"><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__point-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta\"><p class=\"wp-block-getwid-content-timeline-item__meta-content\"><strong>Around 1860 AD<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>But how did the dune of Pilat form? The accumulation of sand has occurred in a discontinuous manner over time, in 5 phases during the last 4000 years.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":1800,"parent":280,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/template-full-width.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-298","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/entete-reconstitution.jpg",1600,800,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/entete-reconstitution-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/entete-reconstitution-300x150.jpg",300,150,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/entete-reconstitution-768x384.jpg",580,290,true],"large":["https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/entete-reconstitution-1024x512.jpg",580,290,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/entete-reconstitution-1536x768.jpg",1536,768,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/entete-reconstitution.jpg",1600,800,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/entete-reconstitution-16x8.jpg",16,8,true],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/entete-reconstitution-1200x600.jpg",1200,600,true],"twentytwenty-fullscreen":["https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/entete-reconstitution.jpg",1600,800,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"communication@ladunedupilat.com","author_link":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/en\/author\/communicationladunedupilat-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Mais comment la dune du Pilat s\u2019est-elle form\u00e9e ? L\u2019accumulation de sable s\u2019est effectu\u00e9e de fa\u00e7on discontinue au fil du temps, selon 5 phases durant les 4000 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/298","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=298"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/298\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27286,"href":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/298\/revisions\/27286"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/280"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1800"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ladunedupilat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}